please pay attention to the etiquette of visiting the museums

لوگو موزه تاریخ تجارت جندی شاپور
Menu

History of script

Mesopotamia

Clay tablets were made in Mesopotamia. Sugarcanes were used to write on these clay tablets. To make carvings on the clays easier, a sharp wedge was later added to the end of sugarcanes. For applying these wedges, this type of writing is known as the wedge-shaped impression or script in the history of technology. The relief of Darius I in Bistun is one example of such a script. In other regions such as Egypt where papyrus was available, the writing was performed in another method

The emergence of alphabet could be considered as the pinnacle of the evolutionary trend of writing. Most of scholars believe that the invention of alphabet originates in the modern Middle East. It is estimated that the alphabet was invented in 3,000 B.C. The birthplace of the alphabet was the Sinai Peninsula from which the alphabet was taken to other territories by Phoenician merchants. The modern Persian and Arabic alphabets take their roots in the early alphabets of Phoenicians

Aryans

Apparently Aryans who immigrated to Persia did not have any scripts. The history of the invention of cuneiform writing dates back to the period when Teispes (640-675 B.C.) and his successor, Ariaramnes, ruled ancient Persia

 

The Medes

Although numerous works have not remained from the time of the Medes, it is clear that they had their own scripts and writing which turned into the basis of the Achaemenides script in the later periods

The Achaemenides

Writing was common and prevailing during the Achaemenides. The clay tablets and stone inscriptions discovered indicate that scripts and writings were extensively used in the Achaemenides culture.

Persians used two types of scripts during the Achaemenides namely the Phoenician script with its Sumerian origin and Aramaic alphabet adapted from the Phoenician. The Aramaic script had 22 alphabets. During the Achaemenides, the cuneiform writing was invented as the alphabetic writing rather than the audio script. The cuneiform writing was composed of 36 signs each representing a letter.

Parthians and Sassanians periods

The Pahlavi script gained popularity during the reign of Parthians and Sassanians. The Pahlavi alphabet was composed of 14 letters. Most of these letters were used in Avestan script. The Pahlavi script was written in seven various forms.

Islamic period

After the advent of Islam, the Pahlavi script was replaced by the Arabic script in Iran. The Arabic script is adapted from the Kufic script. The Kufic script is adapted from the Syriac script is rooted in the Aramaic script. The Aramaic script is adapted from the Phoenicians and the Phoenician script has taken roots in the hieroglyphic script.

The Arabic script underwent some transformations and changes in Iran. For instance, the Taliq script (lit. suspending script) was invented in the 11th century A.D. and the Nastaliq script was invented in the 13th century A.D. The Shekasteh script (lit. the broken script) was invented in the 17th century. Finally, the Shekasteh Nastaliq was invented in the 19th century which is the script of the modern Persian script.

کلیه حقوق مادی و معنوی وب‌ سایت برای موزه تاریخ تجارت جندی شاپور محفوظ می‌ باشد .

Webdesign : Espinasweb